With a 2006 population of 580,000, Glasgow is the largest city in Scotland and is located on the River Clyde in the west central lowlands. Glasgow has only about one half of the population it once had, due to a 1960s relocation of slums that was not entirely successful. The city's glory days began in the 18th century and continued through the early 20th century as Glasgow became a world leader in shipbuilding during the Industrial Revolution, as well as serving as a main hub of trade with the Americas.
The decline of the heavy industries led to a serious urban decay and deprivation, but the city has turned this around in recent decades with a determined regeneration program. Glasgow was named a European Capital of Culture in 1990, and this marked a turning of the tide for this great city.
Not much of Glasgow's medieval heritage remains, however there are two buildings of note in existence, one being the Provand's Lordship in Castle Street, which is now a museum. The other is the 13th century St. Mungo's (or Glasgow) Cathedral. Most of the architecture dates from the 19th century, and thus the city boasts an impressive heritage of Victorian architecture. Glasgow also features the architectural style of the Arts and Crafts movement as well as Art Nouveau, which can be seen in the Glasgow School of Art building and the Willow Tea Rooms.
The city center is based on grid system which is bounded by the High Street, the river, and the not-so-lovely M8 motorway to the west. Contained in the old town is George Square at the center, and Scotland's most important retail center, known as "The Golden Z". The old town is being developed as an arts quarter, and many cafes, restaurants and warehouse conversions can be found. The West End contains some of the higher end residential areas, as well as a bohemian district of cafes, clubs and bars. Another favorite tourist destination is the Kelvingrove Art Gallery and Museum, which opened in 1901 and houses one of Europe's finest civic art collections.
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